Requires Prescription: Yes
Generics: Omeprazole
Used For: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
How It Works:
Omeprazole inhibits gastric acid secretion by irreversibly blocking the enzyme system of hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H+/K+ ATPase), also known as the proton pump, in the gastric parietal cells. This results in a dose-dependent reduction of both basal and stimulated acid secretion, regardless of the stimulus.
Ruling Capsules Usage and Safety
Dosage:
Omeprazole
Side Effects:
Common:
Central and Peripheral Nervous System: Headache
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, flatulence
Uncommon:
Central and Peripheral Nervous System: Dizziness, paraesthesia, somnolence, insomnia, vertigo
Hepatic: Increased liver enzymes
Skin: Rash, pruritis, urticaria
Other: Malaise
Rare:
Central and Peripheral Nervous System: Reversible mental confusion, agitation, aggression, depression, hallucinations (especially in severely ill patients)
Endocrine: Gynecomastia
Drug Interactions:
Ketoconazole, itraconazole
Diazepam, citalopram, imipramine, clomipramine
Phenytoin
Atazanavir
Digoxin, clopidogrel
Posaconazole, erlotinib, saquinavir
Tacrolimus, methotrexate
Clarithromycin
CYP2C19 or CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers (e.g., rifampicin, St. John’s Wort)
Indication:
Treatment of erosive reflux esophagitis
Long-term management of patients with healed esophagitis to prevent relapse
Symptomatic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
When Not to Use:
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation or to substituted benzimidazoles
Must not be used with nelfinavir
Ruling Capsules Precautions:
Precaution:
Omeprazole may reduce the absorption of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) due to hypo- or achlorhydria. This should be considered for patients with reduced body stores or risk factors for vitamin B12 deficiency during long-term therapy.
Ruling Capsules Warnings:
Warning 1:
If a gastric ulcer is suspected, the possibility of malignancy should be ruled out, as treatment may alleviate symptoms and delay diagnosis.
Warning 2:
Prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors, especially at high doses, may modestly increase the risk of fractures (hip, wrist, spine), particularly in the elderly or those with other risk factors.
Warning 3:
Dose adjustments may be necessary for patients with impaired hepatic function, as omeprazole’s bioavailability and half-life can be increased.
Additional Information:
Pregnancy Category:
Always consult your physician before using any medicine.
Storage:
Store at room temperature, away from direct light and heat.
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